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About Apache Druid
Apache Druid is a real-time analytics database designed for fast slice-and-dice analytics (OLAP queries) on large datasets. Built with a distributed, microservices architecture, Druid excels at sub-second queries on streaming and batch data with high concurrency support. It features specialized processes including Broker (query routing), Historical (immutable data storage), and Middle Manager (real-time ingestion) nodes. Druid stores data in time-partitioned segments within datasources and supports both SQL and native JSON APIs for querying.
GreptimeDB vs. Apache Druid
Feature/AspectGreptimeDBApache Druid
Data ModelUnified Observability DatabaseReal-time OLAP Analytics Database
Value ModelMulti-Value (supports complex data structures)Multi-Value (dimensions and metrics)
Multi-model SupportMetrics, Logs & Traces in one databasePrimarily event/fact data for analytics
Query LanguagesSQL & PromQL (dual interface)SQL & Native JSON API
Ingestion ProtocolsSQL
gRPC
InfluxDB Line Protocol
Prometheus Remote Storage
OpenTelemetry
Loki Push API
Elasticsearch Bulk API
HTTP API
Kafka
Kinesis
Pulsar
HTTP
Batch files
Data RetentionFlexible TTL policies with tiered storageSegment-based retention with automated expiration
Continuous AggregationBuilt-in SQL aggregation, Pipeline ETL engine & Flow streaming computationRoll-ups and pre-aggregation at ingestion time
Deployment ComplexitySingle system deploymentComplex multi-component deployment (Broker, Historical, Middle Manager)
Use CasesUnified observability, real-time analytics, IoT monitoring, edge computingBusiness intelligence, user-facing analytics, interactive dashboards
ArchitectureCloud-native distributed with compute-storage separationMicroservices architecture (Broker, Historical, Middle Manager)
Storage FormatApache Parquet (columnar, compressed)Time-partitioned segments in datasources
Storage ScalabilityObject storage integration with unlimited capacityDeep storage with automatic tier management
High AvailabilityNative clustering with automatic failoverDeep storage with coordinator-based failover
LicenseApache 2.0Apache 2.0
Written LanguageRust (memory safety, performance)Java (ecosystem compatibility)
Deployment OptionsSingle-node, cluster, Kubernetes-native, edge-to-cloud with unified APIMulti-component deployment (brokers, historicals, coordinators)
Operational ComplexitySingle unified system with simplified Kubernetes operationsComplex multi-service orchestration

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